高炉衬里诊断

摘要

加拿大Hatch公司开发了一套用于高炉和电炉炉衬残余厚度的无损监测系统。该系统基于声-超声回波信号(AU-E)，通过内置热电偶或基于高炉冷却机组的热负荷，补充了传统的炉衬热模拟。通过这种方法，可以确定裂缝和异常的位置，并确定涂层和耐火材料之间的边界。分析了AU-E方法的约束条件和误差来源，并提出了一种改进的方法。改进后的方法考虑了高温对波传播的影响;炉体形状和尺寸;以及多层耐火衬砌中不同层间的抗声性能差异。AU-E方法可以对熔炼炉的耐火衬进行可靠和无损的监测。AU-E系统的硬件和软件都得到了显著的改进，从而获得了令人满意的测量精度。通过对报废高炉的物理测量，对该方法的精度进行了估计。 Examples of the utilization of this diagnostic system at various Russian and non-Russian plants are presented. Some technological measures that extend the blast-furnace run are noted. As shown in the present study, the use of several successive measurements permits the determination of the lining’s wear rate and the time remaining before major repair. The AU-E method continues to operate well at more than 70 blast furnaces around the world, including those at the Novolipetsk, Cherepovets, Nizhny Tagil, Western Siberian, and Magnitogorsk steel works, as well as at electrofurnaces producing ferroalloys, copper, and platinum.